Configure your encoder to stream media over the HTTP protocol.

You can ingest your content using the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) ingest formats HLS, HDS, DASH, and CMAF. Click the associated link to learn more about the requirements and recommendations for each format. To use MSL HTTP ingest, ensure that your encoder meets these requirements.

Ingest Rate Limiting

When you publish MSL 4 streams to the shared infrastructure, your encoder needs to adhere to these rate limit guidelines. If you exceed these limitations, an error response will be sent to the encoder. To prevent disruption to stream delivery for your viewers, configure your encoder according to the Ingest limits.

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Warning

To prevent overloading the shared infrastructure, there are limits to the number of events allowed per streamID. The .m3u8 file and the video segment are counted individually as events, therefore every request for a video would be the equivalent of two events. When you have a master variant playlist, that also adds to the event count. To avoid exceeding the event threshold limit, create a new streamID for each channel that serves your streaming media content.

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Tip

In accordance with industry standards, a media segment duration should range between 2 and 10 seconds. Longer media segments are less nimble, resulting in slower transfer times and delayed bitrate switching.

Bitrate and playlist

Confirm that the first line of the bitrate playlist files is #EXTM3U.
Check that the bitrate playlist files contain the #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION and #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE tags. Ensure that the tag EXT_X_MEDIA_SEQUENCE is consistent across playlists.

DNS lookups, upload retries, and timeouts

Encoders must perform DNS lookups whenever an error occurs. Any time there is an upload error, server abort, connection timeout, or HTTP timeout, encoders should perform a DNS lookup to ensure that they continue to be connected with the appropriate server. If the entry point sends a Connection=close header in the response, then the encoder needs to re-resolve the domain (for all formats including RTMP).

This table summarizes how failure conditions are handled.

Extensions and mime types

IDR frame alignment

Stream encoders should produce IDR frame alignment across bitrates for the duration of the targeted segment. For example, if an encoder is generating maximum supported 10-second segments, then every 10 seconds there must be timestamp-aligned IDR frames across streams. There must be an IDR frame at the beginning of the segment; otherwise, the audio and video might deviate and drop out of synchronization. IDR frames must be at the very beginning of the segment, not in the middle or end of the segment.

Industry compliance

Marking playlists complete

At the end of a list stream, encoders should mark the stream (for HLS format) as complete by inserting the EXT-X-ENDLIST tag into the .m3u8 playlist file. This ensures that the device behaves appropriately when it comes to the end of the stream. The EXT-X-ENDLIST tag prevents unexpected playback issues when the device comes to the end of the stream. This tag ensures that viewers have a consistent and high-quality playback experience. It is also required for Live-to-VoD generation.

Publish URL format

Encoders should be capable of using a POST URL with the entrypoint hostnames and pathnames in this format:

Get details for each protocol in these topics:

• HLS
• HDS
• DASH
• CMAF

PUT or POST request

Encoders should be capable of uploading generated content, video segments, and playlist/manifest files using multiple PUT or POST requests. Each segment should be uploaded in a separate request. Use a persistent connection for these requests.

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Encoders should not send DELETE requests.

User-Agent string

Encoders must include a User-Agent header (which provides information about brand name, version number, and build number in a readable format) in all posts. For example, Vendor Model Version#.

URL configurability

Encoders should allow specification of a POST server address, also known as a POST URL, upload URL, or ingress URL. It's also recommended that encoders allow the specification of a playback address, also known as a playback URL or retrieval link. For details, see Primary and backup HLS stream URLs.

Use Live-to-VoD

The Live-to-VoD feature enables you to convert live streams to video-on-demand assets.

For Live-to-VOD to properly function with HLS, the encoder must insert an #EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME tag after a discontinuity event.

For example: #EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2017-01-19T08:04:00.624Z

The EXTINF tag is also mandatory for Live-to-VOD.

For DASH, Live-to-VoD is supported only for sequential segment indexing and not for time-base indexing.

InstantTV

For InstantTV to properly function with HLS, the encoder must insert an #EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME tag after a discontinuity event.

For example: #EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2017-01-19T08:04:00.624Z

The EXTINF tag is also mandatory for Live-to-VOD.

For DASH, InstantTV is supported only for sequential segment indexing and not for time-base indexing.